If you raise Monarchs then you need to become familiar with something called 'Oe.' Oe is the shortened version of Ophryocystis elektroscirrha, a protozoan parasite that infects the Monarch (and Queen butterfly) world-wide.
http://www.learnaboutmonarchs.com/learnaboutoespore.html
Before the colonial era, 100,000s of people lived on the land now called California, and many of their cultures manipulated fire to control the availability of plants they used for food, fuel, tools, and ritual. Contemporary tribes continue to use fire to maintain desired habitat and natural resources. View the Original article
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